论《道德经》中圣人的伦理生存机制

On Ethical Existing System of the Sage in Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

从本体论讲,圣人处于道德完满状态,这是缺乏反思的。文章从生存论入手,以圣人的伦理生存机制为切入点,对圣人的道德存在状态进行寻视。圣人的伦理生存机制包括三个方面:道德悬欠;道德沉沦;道德责任的脱卸。道德悬欠是圣人的在世状态;道德沉沦是他的伦理生存机制的实现途径;道德责任的脱卸是圣人在沉沦中返归其原始本真状态的中间环节。

In the ontological point of view, it is unjustifiable that the sage is of moral perfect state. In the existentialistic perspective, this article analyzes the moral existing state of the sage. The moral existing system of the sage consists of three aspects： suspending morality, fallen morality, and the discharging of moral obligation. Suspending constructs the be-in-the-world state of the sage, while fallen morality contributes to the realization of ethic existing system of the sage, and the discharging of moral obligation is the intermediate for the sage to return to his primitive moral state.