上海轨道交通1号线对城市空间扩散的影响

Impact of Shanghai UMT Line 1 on Urban Form Diffusion

运用地理信息系统技术,解析上海市近15年的城市形态演变遥感图片,描述其城市外围扩散特征为:圈层式扩散、轴线突破扩散以及郊区集镇吞噬扩散。同时发现上海市轨道交通1号线在过去的10年间引导了沿线的带状城区扩散,吸引了大量的居住空间的分布。结合交通与城市土地利用的互动关系,从城市扩散动力、城市交通系统以及城市扩散模式三个层面在理论上分析交通在城市外围扩散中的导向作用。指出城市轨道交通诱导城市形态发展的前提条件是:充分发挥自身的交通客运能力。

UMT is not only built to meet the demands of passenger transport in the city, but also has its own mechanism to influence the land use character along the UMT line, and will guide the development of urban space form. The past studies in China mainly affirm the effect of UMT on land use and the morphology evolution, because the construction of UMT can increase the intensity of land use, stimulate the vitality of urban centers, guide the development and evolution of urban form, and directly act on urban planning. While some studies abroad mainly stress the larger transportation volume of UMT which can improve the urban accessibility, and consequently influences the land use and urban structure. By using GIS technology to analyze the RS photos of Shanghai in the past 15 years, this research describes the diffusion of Shanghai urban form as the foUowing 3 types： ring diffusion, axis diffusion, integration diffusion with the towns, especially makes a study of the urban form diffused along Shanghai Rail Transit Line 1, where the farm lands have been changed into residential space. Based on the theory about the relationship between urban transit and land use, this paper also analyzes the impact mechanism of urban mass transit on urban form diffusion on 3 different levels： the diffusion power, the transit system and the diffusion modes. It is clear that the effect of urban mass transit on urban form diffusion is directly based on the full use of UMT＇s capacity.