单细胞绿藻的77K荧光特异性研究

Studies on characteristics of fluorescence emission spectra of unicellular green algae at 77K

实验测定了10种单细胞绿藻包括5种淡水藻:雪衣藻(Chlamydomonas nivalis UTEX2765)、椭圆小球藻(Chlorella ellipsoidea CH)、绿球藻(Chloroccum tatrense UTEX2227)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)、雨生红球藻(Haematococcus sp.CSIRO:CS-321)和5种海水藻:杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella salina)、四爿藻(Tetraselmis sp.)、蒜头藻(Monodus subterraneus)、小新月藻(Closterium venus)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)的77k荧光光谱,并与大型海洋绿藻以及高等植物菠菜进行了比较。结果表明,10种单细胞绿藻都缺少作为高等植物PSⅠ主要表征的730nm长波荧光峰。按荧光主峰的波长,可以分为2种类型:雪衣藻、绿球藻、杜氏盐藻、四爿藻、蒜头藻、小新月藻、亚心形扁藻的荧光主峰位于684nm,椭圆小球藻、斜生栅藻、雨生红球藻的荧光主峰位于714nm。这个结果与海洋管藻目绿藻和某些大型海洋绿藻的荧光特性一致。另外,绿藻PSⅠ缺少730nm长波荧光峰具有普遍性,预示这些藻类在PSⅠ结构以及能量传递等方面与高等植物有很大的差异。

Fluorescence emission spectra of ten species of unicellular green algae, including five species of flesh algae Chlamydomonas nivalis UTEX 2765, Chlorella ellipsoidea CH, Chloroccum tatrense UTEX 2227, Scenedesmus obliquus, Haematococcus sp.CSIRO：CS-321, five species of marine algae Dunaliella salina, Tetraselmis sp., Monodus subterraneous, Closterium venus, Platymonas subcordiformi were determined and compared to the higher plant Spinacia oleracea and large marine green algae at 77 K. The results showed that green algae were significantly different from higher plant, they had no fluorescence emission at 730 nm which is taken as the characteristic of PS I. The spectra were divided into two types according to the wavelength of major fluorescence emission. It was at 684 nm in C. nivalis UTEX 2765, C. tatrense UTEX 2227, 19. salina, Tetraselmis sp., M. subterraneous, C. venus, P subcordiformi and at 711-715 nm in C. ellipsoidea CH, S. obliquus, Haematococcus sp.CSIRO：CS-321. The characterizations of fluorescence at 77 K may foresee the differences of PSI structure and energy transfer between green algae and higher plant.