关系结构中的复指代词

Resumptive Pronouns in Relative Constructions

本文在生成语法原则与参数理论的框架内对自然语言关系结构中复指代词的分布以及由此引起的语义差异进行了探讨。作者发现,在希伯来语与汉语中,复指代词的出现与英语wh-词作引导词需要满足同样的条件,而复指代词出现与否引起的语义差异与英语中不同引导词(that或wh-词)所引起的差异也毫无二致。由此,作者认为,复指代词与wh-引导词属于同一类成分,二者都是句法操作过程中遗留在某个位置的限定词经过"重新生成"而转化来的代词成分,其差异仅在于是否带有[+wh]特征。至于复指代词是否必须在语音层面上出现,作者认为是由于不同语言具体的内部要求决定的。

Within the Principles and Parameters framework, this paper is an investigation of the distribution of resumptive pronouns in natural language relative constructions and its influence on the semantic interpretation of the relative construction. The authors find that in both Hebrew and Chinese, the restrictions on the appearance of the resumptive pronoun is the same as that on the use of wh-relativizers in English and that the semantic differences between a relative construction with a resumptive pronoun and one without it exactly parallel those between one with a wh-relativizer and one without. Based on these findings, the authors propose that just as wh-relativizers in English, resumptive pronouns are stranded determiners which have undergone restructuring, their only difference lying in whether they contain a [＋wh] feature. As to the fact that some resumptive pronouns are realized overtly while others are realized covertly, the authors attribute it to specific requirements of different languages.