话轮更迭的语用策略

Turn-taking Pragmatic Strategies

语用策略是语言使用者达到言语交际目的的各种各样的方式。本文讨论的话轮更迭的语用策略问题包括两类:第一类是操纵话轮的策略,即从对方那里夺过话轮的策略、保住自己话轮的策略、出让话轮给对方的策略、重叠和冷场的修复策略等;第二类是操纵相邻对的策略,即说出不合意的那一部分的策略和避免自己的期待受挫的策略。

Pragmatic strategy can be defined as the language user＇s means to achieve his goals in verbal communication. Two types of turn-taklng pragmatic strategies are explored in this paper： Firstly, the turn-management strategies concern how to get the floor from the speaker, how to keep one＇s floor, how to give one＇s floor to the hearer and to repair the overlaps and silence. Secondly, adjacency-pair-management strategies involve the ways to speak out the dispreferred parts and avoid the possible setbacks from the hearer.