贵州持续农业中的土壤肥力与水土保持问题

Several Problems on Soil Fertility and Soil and Water Conservation with Sustainable Agriculture in Guizhou

贵州农村经济基础较薄弱，迫于人口迅速增长的压力．滥垦滥伐、广种薄收，导致水土流失加剧，土壤肥力下降，石质荒漠面积不断扩大，生态环境恶化，严重地阻碍了农业生产持续稳定的发展。实践经验证明，采用先进的农业科学技术，增加物资投入，实行集约经营，农作物产量和农民收入能大幅度增长，为调整农作物种植结构、解决农林牧业争地矛盾、合理利用土地资源、改善农村生态环境创造了条件；而增施肥料、提高土壤肥力与推广生物梯化、加速坡改梯进程又是实现农田集约经营，促进我省水土保持与农业持续发展的前提与基础。

As the rural economy of Guizhou was undeveloped under the great pressure of rapid growth of population, over farming and abusive clearing has led to serious soil and water loss.decline in soil fertility, expansion of the lithic desert area,ecological environment getting worse,and has resulted in an impediment to the development of sustainable agriculture. Practice indicated that the crop yields and incomes will increase by a wide margin as advanced agricultural technologies are adopted. material input is added and intensive farming is practised, so as to provide advantageous conditions for readjusting the planting structure of crops, setting the conflicting interests among agriculture, forestry and husbandry, rationally utilizing the land resources, and improving the ecological environment. In the meantime,tapping manure sources,applying more fertilizer and raising soil fertility, and planting hedgerows along the sloping lands to speed up the proceeding of changing sloping lands into terraced fields are the essential prerequisite for practising intensive farming, promoting the conservation of soil and waterresources and the implementation of sustainable agriculture in Guizhou province.