火炬松种源幼龄材材性变异的研究

Loblolly Pine Provenance Variation in Juvenile Wood Properties

对在广西南宁、广东英德、江西分宜、浙江富阳4个试点的9年生火炬松种源林的木材密度、管胞长度、晚材率进行了测定分析,结果表明:4个试验点木材密度在种源间均表现出显著差异,管胞长度与晚材率差异不显著。木材性状有着较强的地理变异趋势,主要表现为以经度为主、纬度为辅的双向倾群渐变模式,木材基本密度美国西部区种源最大,其次是北部区,南部沿海区最小;管胞长度以南部沿海区最长,而东部沿海区最短;晚材率以内陆和北部地区较大。不同试验地点间木材基本密度的差异也较大,从南亚热带到北亚热带逐渐减少。研究还表明,地点与种源的互作效应不显著,绝大部分种源表现出相对稳定的状态,其中L14和L26为稳定性最好的种源。木材基本密度、管胞长度和晚材率3个材性性状与生长、产量和形质指标之间的相互关系存在着一定的复杂性。木材基本密度和晚材率与生长、产量性状呈负向关系,关系程度前者大于后者;管胞长度与生长、产量性状之间缺乏一定的规律;3个材性性状与形质性状的关系,在方向和密切程度上表现亦不一致。

The wood basic density (BD), fiber length (FL) and latewood percentage (LP) of loblolly pine provenances were evaluated based on four 9-year-old provenance tests in Guangxi,Guangdong,Jiangxi and Zhejiang. The result showed that the provenance differ ence was significant for BD but not notable for FL and LP in every test location. The geo- graphical variation patterns of wood properties of provenances were mainly two-way clinal ones influenced firstly by longitude and secondly by latitude. The BD of the western prove- nances were the highest,of the northern ones the next,and of south coast ones the lowest, the FL of the south coast provenances were the longest and of east coast ones the shortest, inland and northern provenances had the higher LP. The BD of loblolly pine were also dif- ferent between test locations, decreasing from south to north. The provenance×test loca- tion effect for BD was small,most of the provenances displayed relatively higher stability. BD and LP were negatively correlated with the tree growth and yield traits,but FL was not correlated regularly with the tree growth traits,the three wood property traits also had com- plicated relationship with tree form traits.