论损害赔偿限额的非正当性——以国际航空运输承运人责任为例的研究

On the Unjustness of Liability Limits——A Perspective from Liability of International Carrier by Air

《华沙公约》及其华沙体制的一个显著特点,是建立了统一的损害赔偿限额。围绕损害赔偿限额的正当性与非正当性之争,在华沙体制建立伊始就已经开始了,并且一直是国际航空法上广受争议的问题。损害赔偿限额在侵权法中,并非严格责任或者推定过错责任的本质特征。损害赔偿限额在理论上缺乏正当性。国际航空运输承运人责任中损害赔偿限额的产生与发展对我国民用航空法具有重大的启示。

The establishment of a uniform liability limits is one of the most important characteristics of Warsaw Convention and Warsaw System. Since its establishment, the justness of liability limits has been in controversy in international aviation law community. In the theory of tort law, liability limits is not the essential characteristic of strict liability or constructive liability. Liability limits is unjust theoretically. The development of liability limits on international carrier by air could enlighten the civil aviation law of China.