信托法与物权法定原则的冲突及其解决

Conceptual Conflict between Trust Law and the Numerus Clausus Principle and the Conception of Resolution

信托法起源于英美法,而英美法在法律概念、体系构造和思维方式上与大陆法存在很大差别,所以在大陆法国家移植信托法的过程中,必然要遇到如何协调和解决外来的信托制度与本土法律制度冲突的问题,其中,物权法定原则与信托制度之间的冲突尤值关注。结合信托诸种制度的特性进行具体分析,可以看出我国新近通过的《物权法》所确立的物权法定原则与信托法之间存在着尖锐的理念冲突。在新《物权法》背景下,如果在理论和实务上因应得宜,则我国的信托制度不仅不会被物权法定原则所窒息,甚至可以此为契机改变信托法在我国法律体系中的边缘地位。

Trust law originates from Anglo -American law, and there exist great differences between Anglo - American law and civil law in terms of legal concepts, systematic constructions and ways of thinking. Therefore, in the course of transplanting trust law in civil law countries, the problem of how to coordinate and resolve the conflicts between the foreign trust system and the native legal system will become inevitable. Among other things, the conflict between the Numerus Clausus principle and the trust system merits special attention. From the specific analysis of the traits of various kinds of trust systems, it can be seen that there exist sharp conceptual conflict between the trust law and the Numerus Clausus principle established by the newly adopted Real Right Law in China. Under the backgroun properly both in theory and in practice, the trust system d of the new Real Right Law, if it can be dealt with in China will not be suffocated by the Numerus Clausus principle. Instead, it is hopeful that it will mitigate the pitfalls of the Numerus Clausus principle. It may even act as a chance to change the brink position of the trust law in the legal system of China.