“人以群分”:非市场互动和群分效应的文献评论

Non-Market Interaction and Sorting: A Literature Review

由于存在着非市场的互动，市场的均衡结果是人们按不同的收入和社会地位而分层，从而出现“群分效应”，在现实中又突出地表现为居住区的分割，这对于低收入阶层的收入、人力资本积累和公共品消费有着显著的负面影响。政府应在开展实证研究的基础上，有针对性地采取一些经济和社会政策减少群分效应和居住区分割的负面影响，促进经济发展和社会和谐。

When non-market interaction exists, the result ofsorting as a market equilibrium shows that, people are stratified by income level and social status. A typical kind ofsorting is residential segregation in the real world. Sorting has significantly negative effects on income, human capital accumulation and public good consumption for people with low-income. Based on empirical studies, government should make some public policies to mitigate the negative effect of sorting and residential segregation, thus to promote economic development and social harmony.