篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度差异性的眼动研究

Research on Strategic Accuracy and Speed Differences of Basketball Athletes' Eye Movement

研究不同水平篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度的差异,分析篮球运动员运动决策过程中眼动特征的差异。实验设计为3(运动水平)×2(性别)×2(场景图片)的混合设计。用多因素方差分析对实验结果进行统计,得出以下结论:不同水平的篮球运动员在注视不同难度的场景图片时,眼动指标和决策速度和准确性都存在显著差异;不同水平的运动员对信息的获得方式、信息加工速度和信息加工效率方面存在显著差异;不同水平篮球运动员运动决策差异的实质是:专项运动知识-专项认知能力-手眼动作联动三者整合的差异。

Different levels of basketball athletes＇ differences of strategic accuraey and movement speed are researched, in order to analyze the differences of athletes＇ eye movement in the process of making decisions. The experiment is a mixed design of 3（level of athlete） × 2（gender）× 2（scene pictures）. A multi-factor analysis of variance is applied to analyze the results of the experiment. The conclusions are as follows. When the different levels of basketball athletes stare at different levels of scene pietures, their eye movement indexes, strategic accuracy and movement speed are all different. Different levels of basketball athletes＇ methods of obtaining information and the speed and efficiency of dealing with information are obviously different. The real reason about these differences is that there are integrated differences of professional sport knowledge, cognitive ability of the sport, and integration of hands and eyes movements.