颜元学术思想形成的历史背景

A Study of the Historical Background of Yan Yuan's Academic Thoughts

颜元学术思想的精神主要体现在对宋明时期程、朱、陆、王的理学和心学的批判,对佛家、道家“空”、“无”思想的批判上,并在此基础上形成延续尧、舜以至孔、孟的以崇尚“实”、“习”为核心的经世致用思想。明王朝的灭亡、清初统治者的执政风格、明末清初的士习风气对颜元学术思想的形成有很大影响。颜元生当斯世,熏炙期间,故有此学。

The gist of Yan Yuan's academic thoughts is reflected in both his criticism on the different Confucian philosophical schools which developed during the Song and Ming Dynasties represented by Cheng Yi,Cheng Hao,Zhu Xi,Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming,and his criticism on some of the Buddhist and Taoist thoughts.On this basis,he formed his own thought system derived from the doctrine of Yao and Shun——the legendary sage kings in ancient China.The reasons of the downfall of the Ming Dynasty,and the administrative styles of the early Qing Dynasty,and the study of the conventions in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty,greatly influenced Yan Yuan's academic thoughts.Therefore,his critical academic thoughts were finally formed.