综合医院儿科医院感染分析

An Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Patients in Pediatrics.

目的了解和掌握综合医院儿科医院感染的规律，以便更好地控制和预防医院感染的发生。方法采用回顾性调查分析了1993～2006年间63例我院儿科医院感染患儿的资料。结果我院儿科医院感染发生率为1.26％（63／5003）；医院感染患儿以6岁以下为多；其基础疾病以血液病（63．49％）、肾脏疾病（14.29％）等这类导致机体免疫机能下降的疾病为主；住院时间偏长，超过14d者达84．13％；医院感染部位以呼吸道感染和消化道感染（包括口腔感染）为主；病原菌依次为革兰氏阳性球菌（38．34％）、革兰氏阴性球菌（23.83％）、革兰氏阴性杆菌（22.28％），真菌（12．44％）亦占相当部分。结论采取常规的防护措施可以降低医院感染，但对患有导致免疫机能下降疾病患儿的医院感染效果欠佳，其防范、干预措施有待进一步探讨，以便找到更好的方法控制该类医院感染。

Objective To know and get a rule of nosocomial infection in pediatrics department and so as to better control and prevent occurrence of nosocomial infection. Methods A retrospective survey and analysis of hospital acquired infection 63 patients discharged in pediatrics department of our hospital from 1993 to 2006 were carried out. Results The incidence ofnosocomial infection was 1.26%（63/5003） and the most of patients of hospital acquired infection was under 6 years old. Main basal diseases of nosocomial infection were hematopathy （63.49%）, renal disease （14.29%） and so forth which had an ability to induce immune competent decline, Stay length of hospitalization of the patients over the days 14 were （84.13%）. Main tissues of nosocomial infection were respiratory tract infection and digestive canal infection included oral cavity infection. The organisms causing nosocomial infection were： Gram-positive cocci 38.34%, Gram-negative cocci 23.83%, Gram-negative bacilli 22.28% and fungus 12.44%. Conclusion The result showed that routine methods of preventing hospital infection can decrease nosocomial infection, but it had not got a good effect for the children of immune competent decline which should be discussion so as to search better methods to control nosocomial infection.