贵州省碘缺乏病和地方性氟中毒的地理分布差异及影响因素

Geographical distribution differences of IDD and endemic fluorosis and their influenced factors in Guizhou province

研究了贵州碘缺乏病和地方性氟中毒的地理分布及其影响因素。结果发现：贵州外环境缺碘、饮水氟含量低，有较大面积的碘缺乏病和地方性氟中毒流行，前者主要分布在东南部烧柴区，后者主要分布于西北部燃煤区。这种分布与燃料结构和燃烧方式有关。在烧柴区，木柴中碘和氟含量甚低，外环境缺碘和低氟状态没有改变，形成了碘缺乏病区，在燃煤区，煤燃烧释放的碘和氟改善了第一环境的碘不足，避免了碘缺乏病流行，同时环境中过量氟导致地方性氟中毒发生。

The geographical distribution differences of iodine deficiency disorders and endemic fluorosis and their affected factors in Guizhou were studied.The result shows that iodine of environment is deficient and the fluoride concentraition in drinking water is low,so there are wider disease areas of iodine deficiency disorders and endemic fluorosis in this province.However,the distribution of these two diseases differs greatly in geography.The former is distributed mainly within the firewood area of southeast and the later is distributed mainly in the coal area of northwest.We think that the distribution is closely related to fuel type and burning manner.In the firewood area,as iodine and fluoride of firewood are very low the state of iodine deficiency and low fluoride is not changed in the environment.There are iodine deficiency disorders but not endemic fluorosis in this area.In the coal area,because iodine and fluoride of coal are released continuously there is no problem of iodine deficiency and iodine deficiency disorders,and environmental fluoride is high and there is endemic fluorosis.