我国居民医疗支出影响因素的实证分析

Determinants of the Chinese Residents' Medical Expenditures

本文以一种新的方式使用了两部分模型方法,将医疗支出发生的过程分解为患病和治病两个子过程,利用中国健康与营养调查2000年的调查数据,研究了可能影响我国居民医疗支出的各种重要因素。回归分析结果显示:对患病影响最大的因素为所在省份、居住在城市或农村、是否有医疗保险;在给定已经患病的情况下,对治病支出影响最大的因素为病情严重程度、收入和居住地为城市或农村。最后,本文提出了一些有助于从宏观层面控制国家医疗费用和从微观层面更好地满足居民医疗需求的初步意见和建议。

This paper offers an empirical study of factors determining the medical expenditures of Chinese people using survey data from China Health ＆ Nutrition Survey in 2000. Under the framework of a two-part model, the occurrence of medical expenditure is divided into two sequential processes： the incidence of illness and the spending on medical care. Regression results show that residence province, living in urban area and being covered by medical insurance are the most important contributors to getting sick while the severity of illness, income and living in urban area play the biggest roles in determining how much patients spend on medical care. Based upon the empirical analysis, preliminary policy suggestions on controlling the national medical expenditure and on better satisfying the individual demand for medical care are made.