家兔三叉神经根和半月结的微循环床的研究

Study on the Microcirculation Bed of Rabbit Trigeminal Nerve Root and Trigeminal Ganglion

目的:研究家兔三叉神经根和半月结内微循环的形态和结构。方法:20只家兔血管灌流固定,墨汁灌注血管,显微解剖三叉神经根和半月神经节,通过透明和切片观察神经根内血管的分布形态。结果:三叉神经根的微血管分为神经外膜、神经束膜和神经内膜微血管。神经外膜血管沿神经根径向走行,沿途再发侧支斜行或横行入神经束之间,顺神经根束分布,并发侧支进入神经内膜;半月结内微血管围绕神经节细胞分布;三叉神经根内的微血管配布不均,其近侧端微血管数量较少,远侧端微血管数量较多。结论:三叉神经根内微循环血量调节主要依赖神经外膜和束膜的微动脉。三叉神经根微循环可能在三叉神经痛中扮演重要作用,神经根在受到压迫后,可造成神经根微循环障碍,进而可能引发神经纤维脱髓鞘。

Objective： To study the microcirculation bed of rabbit trigeminal nerve root and trigeminal ganglion. Methotis： 20 rabbits were researched by perfusion fixation through the vessel and following injecting black ink into artery, then the trigeminal nerve roots were micro - anatomized and the distribution of vessels in the trigeminal nerve roots was observed by transparency and tissue slice. Results： The microvessels of the trigeminal nerve root included epineurial, perineurial and endoneurial vessel. The epineurial vessels run along the nerve＇s length and gave off branches, distributing along nerve bundle, to enter into endoneurium. The endoneurium contained only capillaries. Arteriolovenular anastomoses were few in trigeminal nerve root. The distribution of microvessels in trigeminal nerve root was uneven. The number of microvessels in the medial portion was less than that of the distant. Conclusion： Microcirculatory blood regulation mainly depends on the epineurial and perineurial arterioles. The microcirculation of trigeminal nerve may play basilic role in trigeminal neuralgia, and microvessel compression resulting in microcirculation obstruction of trigeminal nerve may lead to demyelination of the trigeminal nerve.