混凝土结构耐久性探析

Discussions on Durability of Concrete Structures

目前,在国内的结构设计过程中主要侧重荷载作用下结构的强度需要而未能充分考虑环境作用下结构的耐久性,对于结构的耐久性只是作为一种概念受到关注而没有进行专门的耐久性设计。这就直接导致结构使用性能差、寿命短甚至频发事故的不良后果,与国际结构工程界日益重视耐久性、安全性、适用性的趋势相违背,与符合结构动态和综合经济性的要求相违背。针对这一问题,重点阐述结构设计及使用过程中耐久性的重要性,对结构裂缝的种类和产生的原因作较全面的分析、总结,找出控制裂缝的可行办法,达到增强耐久性的目的。

In the present structural design practice in China, focus is placed on the strength of the structures subject to loadings, whereas insufficient considerations are placed on the durability of the structures subject to environmental impacts. The durability of the structures is only treated as a kind of concept, for which no special durability designs have been made. Therefore, negative consequences, such as poor structure operation performance, short service life and frequent accidents, occur. Such a situation is incompatible with the tendency that more and more emphasis is placed on the durability, safety and applicability of structures in the international structure engineering field and is incompatible with the requirements of the dynamics and comprehensive economy of the structures. In the paper, the author, with the aim to improve the durability of the structures, presents the importance of durability in the structural design and service period of the structures, makes an overall analysis and summary of the types of and causes for the cracks of the structures and provides feasible crack-controlling methods