头孢曲松钠对菌血症小鼠肠道膜菌群的影响

EFFECT OF CEFTRIAXONE ON INTESTINAL FLORA OF BACTEREMIC MICE

目的观察静脉注射头孢曲松钠对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法小鼠随机分为空白对照组(A组)30只、菌血症组(B组)48只及菌血症+抗生素组(C组)48只。B、C组制作菌血症模型24h后,C组小鼠尾静脉注射头孢曲松钠100mg/(kg·d)。在实验第4、11及18天,对各组小鼠结肠与回肠肠黏膜肠杆菌、肠球菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌进行定量分析,并取小鼠肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、血液做细菌培养。结果A、B两组小鼠肠道各菌群比较,差异无显著性(F=2.826,P>0.05)。C组小鼠静脉注射头孢曲松钠4d,其肠道各菌群的数量与A、B组比较,差异均无显著性(F=1.663～2.093,P>0.05)。C组小鼠用药11d与A、B组比较,除肠球菌外其他菌群数量均有所减少,差异均有显著意义(F=3.501～22.563,q=2.617～9.441,P<0.05、0.01);用药18d肠杆菌、肠球菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数量较A、B组减少,差异均有显著意义(F=4.166～29.865,q=2.617～9.441,P<0.05、0.01)。小鼠用药18d时发生肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、血液细菌易位,易位细菌主要是肠球菌与凝固酶阴性的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论长时间应用头孢曲松钠可造成小鼠肠道微生态的明显紊乱,导致细菌易位。

Objective To observe the effect of intravenous ceftriaxone on intestinal microbial population and their translocation in mice. Methods The male mice were randomly divided into control group （group A, n=30）, bacteremia group （group B, n=48）, and bacteremia＋ceftriaxone group （group C, n=48）. Septicemia models were made in groups B and C. The mice in group C were given ceftriaxone 100 mg/（kg, d） intravenously 24 hours later. On 4th, 11th and 18th experiment day, intestinal bacteria, i.e. enteric bacilli, enterococci, Bacillus bifidus, and Bacillus acidi lactici, on colonic and ileac mucosa of the mice were analized quantitatively and their content in liver, spleen, kidney and blood was determined. Results There was no significant difference in the amount of the above intestinal bacteria between groups A and B （F=2. 826,P〉0.05）. No significant difference in the amount of the bacteria between the mice given ceftriaxone for 4 days and those in groups A or B as well （F=1. 663 - 2. 093, P〉0.05）. After administration of ceftriaxone for 11 days, the difference of the amount of the bacteria between groupC and group Aor B was significant, except enterococci （F=3.501-22.563;P〈0.01,0.05）. After administration of ceftriaxone for 18 days, bacterial translocations appeared in liver, spleen, kidney and blood. The difference in the amount of the bacteria between group C, and group A or B was significant （F=5. 658-29. 865,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Long duration intravenous ceftriaxone can cause obvious changes of intestinal ecology and bacterial translocation.