迟发型维生素K缺乏症46例临床分析与预防探讨

Clinical Analysis of 46 Cases of Delayed Vitamin K Deficiency and Prevention Measures

目的探讨迟发型维生素K缺乏症临床特征与预防措施。方法回顾性分析46例迟发型维生素K缺乏症的临床表现及辅助检查。结果46例迟型维生素K缺乏致颅内出血36例,发生率78.3%。本组病例治愈32例,治愈率69.6%,死亡3例,病死率6.5%,病情好转自动出院9例(19.6%),无效放弃治疗2例(4.3%)。结论迟发型维生素K缺乏症以自发性颅内出血为特征。新生儿从出生至生后3个月定期小剂量补充维生素K1可预防本病发生。

Objective To explore the clinical feature and preventive measures of delayed vitamin K deficiency. Methods The clinical data and assistant examination materials of 46 eases with delayed vitamin K deficiency were analyzed retrospectively. Results The intraeranial hemorrhage induced by vitamin K deficiency was found in 36 cases and the incidence rate was 78.3% （36/46）. Among total 46 eases,32 cases were cured with a cure rate of 69.6% ;3 cases died with a mortality rate of 6.5% ;9 cases were improved with a rate of 19.6% ;2 cases gave up treatment which accounts for 4.3%. Condusions The idiopathetic intracranial hemorrhage is the feature of delayed vitamin K deficiency. The periodical administration of supplementary vitamin K1 at a small dose can prevent this disease in all infants from birth to 3 months.