清末民初新闻自由思想刍议

Research on the Freedom Thoughts of Press in the End of Qing Dynasty and Beginning of Republic

清末民初新闻法制建设过程中有三种关于新闻自由的主张,它们是自由观点、优先地位观点和平衡观点。章士钊认为,要保护新闻自由就应取消报律,新闻不立法。赞成新闻立法者意见不一,限制多一些还是保护多一些是分歧所在。限制新闻自由成为权力者立法的不二选择。虽然持优先地位观点者并没有真正颁布一部可以施行的新闻单行法,但是他们所持的观点——对新闻自由的保护要多一些是清末民初新闻立法的主导思想。

There were three kinds of viewpoints on freedom of press in the end of Qing Dynasty and beginning of Republic. freedom of press; priority of the freedom of press; the limited freedom of press. Zhangshizhao advocated that the press law should be cancelled to protect the freedom of press. There are two thoughts of assent legislation of press, the difference of which is whether to protect the freedom of press or not. To limited freedom of press is the best choice of authority. Although those who advocated to priority of the freedom of press didn＇t promulgate a decree of press, their thought is the dominant idea on Legislation of Press and Publication in the end of Qing Dynasty and beginning of Republic.