多级海水热泵供热系统的特性与应用分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Applications of Multi-stage Seawater Heat Pump Systems

海水的温度稳定,蕴含着容量巨大的热能,可利用海水的热能,通过热泵制取中、低温度的热水.对单级海水热泵系统的工作原理进行了研究,重点分析了两级海水热泵系统的特性,导出了两级海水热泵系统总耗电量的计算公式,利用该公式对换热器的面积进行了优化,得出了冷凝器的最佳面积值及其他各关键参数.此外,对海水热泵系统与常规燃煤锅炉制取中低温热能进行了计算比较,得出结果:采用燃煤锅炉制热时,制取1MJ热能的费用为0.031元;利用海水热泵系统制热时,每制取1MJ热能所需的费用为0.023元,表明海水热泵系统在能源效率和经济性上有明显的综合优势.

The temperature of seawater is steady and the thermal energy in it is abundant. The thermal energy of the seawater may be used to produce the moderate or low temperature heat water by the heat pump for many applications. Based on a brief introduction to the working principle of a single-stage seawater heat pump system, the characteristics and parameters of the two-stage seawater heat pump system were analyzed and optimized, the total electricity consumption of the two-stage seawater heat pump system was gained by the formula, and the area of the heat exchangers was optimized, and then the optimal area of them was calculated as well as the other key parameters. In addition, the technical and economic parameters of the seawater heat pump system were compared with the traditional boiler using coal as fuel when low or moderate temperature heat energy is needed, h turned out that the heat energy cost for 1 MJ is about O.031Yuan and 0.023 Yuan respectively for the traditional coal boiler and the seawater heat pump system. So the seawater heat pump system is more competitive than the boiler on both energy efficient and economic aspects.