3S集成技术在城镇土地利用变更调查中的应用研究

Application of 3S Integration Technology to the Survey of Land Use Changes in Cities and Towns

城镇地区由于建筑物密集、土地利用类型变化快、土地利用现状图比例尺较大等特点,土地利用变更调查主要依靠专业部门利用全站仪完成,但全站仪需要通视的特点限制了其工作效率。而采用3S集成技术进行城镇地区土地利用变更调查的技术方法,则可以相应提高工作效率。基于3S集成技术城镇地区土地利用变更调查的应用模式为:通过GPS接收机与笔记本电脑(已配置GIS软件系统)通讯,实现GPS与GIS的集成,并调用RS影像作为底图,既可实现实时的数据采集、存储和编辑。对于城镇地区部分GPS信号弱的地区,采用测边交会的方法则可以完成这些点的数据采集,克服了GPS使用盲区的限制。

Cities and towns are characterized by densely located buildings and tast changing land use forms. The land use status map of cities and towns is in relatively larger scale. Because of these characteristics, the survey of land use changes is mainly carried out by specialized departments with the electronic total station. But the work efficiency of the electronic total station is limited by its technical requirement of being visible between back sight and forward sight. Through applying 3S integration technology to the survey of land use changes in cities and towns, the work efficiency can be improved. The application mode of 3S integration technology is： to realize the real-time data collection, storage and edit by integrating GPS and GIS through communication of GPS receiver and the notebook PC （fitted with GIS software system） , and taking RS image as the base map. For those areas where GPS signal is weak, ＂linear intersection pointing＂ method is used to achieve the data collection.