自然通风条件下高大工业厂房火灾数值模拟

Numerical Simulation on Fire of Large Industrial Workshop with the Natural Ventilation

目的研究工业厂房火灾温度场和烟气蔓延情况,为指导工厂火灾时人员疏散和降低财产损失提供理论依据.方法采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,选取沈阳地区某高大工业厂房为研究对象.分别截取气楼排烟出口平面和排烟门平面作为观测面,模拟自然通风条件下,室外风速对厂房火灾温度分布和烟气蔓延的影响.结果得到不同室外风速下截面温度及CO2质量分数分布图.结论通过对模拟结果的分析和比较,得出工业厂房自然通风对火灾烟气蔓延规律的影响.当这种高大工业厂房发生火灾时,单纯依靠自然通风排烟不能达到有效防止火灾烟气蔓延的效果.

Tremendous casualty and property loss are easy to happen when the industrial workshop fires. It is significant to study the temperature field of fire and the spreading of smoking in the industrial workshop. Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） method is adopted in this paper. One industrial workshop is selected for the experimental object in Shenyang. This paper mainly simulates the effect the wind speed on the temperature field of fire and the spreading of smoking in the large industrial workshop with the natural ventilation. The appropriate measuring planes are selected in the workshop, the distribution pattern of temperature and carbon dioxide mass concentration are obtained. Through analyzing and comparing with the results, the particular regularity is shown on the fire spread situation in the industrial workshop with the natural ventilation. For a fire of the industrial workshop, it is not enough that smoke abatement only depends on transom window when fire happens.