香港填海造地及其影响分析

AN ANALYSIS OF HONG KONG RECLAMATION AND ITS EFFECT

香港海岸为山地丘陵溺谷海岸，沿岸平地狭小，城市建设用地非常昂贵，通常以填海造地补充不足，１９９５年填海造地总面积达６２００ｈｍ２，占香港总面积的５．７％。填海造地经历了由小规模劈山填海至大规模吹填造地阶段。填海的土地用于海港、机场、沿岸道路和街市建设等。但是，在海港填海也造成了负面的影响：（１）维多利亚港运作环境受到严重威胁；（２）港九海峡束窄变成“河”；（３）海港环境污染加重；（４）城市高密度发展引起交通堵塞现象愈来愈严重。这些影响已引起广泛的关注。不应再在维多利亚港沿岸填海，现在，是对香港填海造地作认真检讨的时候了。

As a mountainous, hilly and drowned valley coast, the coastal plain of Hong Kong is so narrow that the land for construction is in great need and hence 6.2 thousand hectares has been created through reclamation by 1995, accounting for 5.7 percent of total used land in Hong Kong. The reclamation has been developed from the low level, small scale nearshore filling to large scale deep sea filling. The reclaimed land has been used in many respects such as seaport, airport, coastal urban district, which promote the development of Hong Kong. However, Reclamation also has caused negative effects: (1) the marine condition of Victoria Harbour be come deteriorated; (2) Hong Kong Kowloor channed will probally become a “river”; (3) marine ecological environment is badly effected; (4) the high density and traffic congestion in downtown become more and more serious. The effect has been widely noticed. The reclamation near Victoria Harbour shouldn't be conducted any more. New, it is the time to check up the Hong Kong reclamation.