云南羊肚菌rDNA的ITS序列与亲缘关系分析

Classification of Morchella and Zhejiang Provinces Based species from Yunnan on rDNA ITS Sequences

采用ITS（Internal Transcribed Spacers）序列比对技术分析了根据形态挑选的14个羊肚菌子实体（其中11个来自云南，3个来自浙江）。结果表明，云南的11个羊肚菌子实体（M1～M11）可分为4个种；高羊肚菌（Morchella elata），尖顶羊肚菌（Morchella conica），粗柄羊肚菌（Morchella crassipes）和大孔（宽肋）羊肚菌（Morchella costata）。浙江的3个羊肚菌子实体（M12～M14）经鉴定为未知羊肚菌种。14个羊肚菌子实体样品和GenBank中黑脉（小顶）羊肚菌[Morchella angusticeps（AJ698476）]、美味羊肚菌[Morchella esculenta（AJ698475）]以及羊肚菌科常见属钟菌属Verpa conica（AJ544206）的ITS序列聚类，以钟菌（AJ544206）作为外类群，可分为三大聚类群：高羊肚菌、大孔（宽肋）羊肚菌和黑脉（小顶）羊肚菌为第1类群（Group1）；美味羊肚菌和尖顶羊肚菌为第2类群（Group2）；粗柄羊肚菌和浙江的3个羊肚菌为第3类群（Group3）。

Fourteen Morchella samples （eleven from Yunnan and three from Zhejiang Provinces） were selected on the basis of differences in fruit body morphology. Ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers （ITS） were amplified in each case using the universal primer pair, ITS-1 and ITS-4, and the amplification products were purified and sequenced. Comparisons with sequence data in GenBank revealed that the 11 Morchella isolates collected from Yunnan belonged to four species： Morchella elata, Morchella conica, Morchella crassipes and Morchella costata. The three isolates collected from Zhejiang Province （M12, M13 and M14） were designated as unknown Morchella species. When Verpa conica （AJ544206） （from the genus Verpa belonging to the same family as Morchella） was taken as the outgroup, the 14 isolates formed three groups, M. elata, M. costata （Group 1）; Morchella esculenta, M. conica （Group 2）; and M. crassipes, M12, M13 and M14 （Group 3）.