广州市产褥期焦虑的发生率及危险因素分析

An investigation on the incidence of postpartum anxiety and its related factors in old city zones of Guangzhou

目的:了解广州市产褥期焦虑的发生情况。方法:资料来自广州市5个老城区32个街道的样本,产后3个月内的1 265名产妇的调查问卷。使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和专门设计的社会人口学调查表,筛查标准采用HAMA国内常模。结果:①广州市老城区产褥期焦虑的筛查率为12.09%(153/1 265);②产后2周是产褥期焦虑的高发时段筛查率为16.19%(113/698);③文化程度、年龄、居住条件困难、人工流产不良生育史、生活事件对产褥期焦虑的发生有明显相关;社会支持、产后居住条件优越是产褥期焦虑的保护因素。结论:产褥期焦虑发病率较高,是产褥期比较常见的一种情绪障碍,其发病因素复杂,应列入孕产期防治与研究的重点疾病。

Objective： To explore the incidence and the related factors of postpartum anxiety in Guangzhou, Methods. 2 000 women were investigated by HAMA and self - made inventory in three months after giving birth. The data were screened with Chinese norm. Resdts： （1）The incidence of postpartum anxiety was 12. 1% （153/1265） ; （2）Two weeks after giving birth was high risk period of postpartum anxiety, and the incidence during this time was 28. 5% （113/585） ; （3）The high risk factors of postpartum anxiety were living in the suburb, dissatisfactory housing condition, pregnancy more than one time and life events, and so on. There were two protective factors that were social support, good housing condition after giving birth, Conclusion： The incidence of postpartum anxiety is high. Its causes are complicated, and should be placed on the emphases of intervention and research in the pregnant and postpartum time.