耻感与耻感教育之困境

On Sense of Shame and the Paradoxical Situation of Shame Education

耻感是人之为人的内在精神活动和道德约束力量,是古今中外伦理文化都褒扬的道德品格。耻感教育是一种养成教育、社会教育和文化素质教育,它有助于养成良好的道德人格,过滤和净化社会不正之风,实现"以人为本"的教育理念。目前,耻感教育面临着市场经济的"利益中心"导向、社会公平与正义的缺失和文化环境的多元复杂三方面道德困境,但最根本的是道德教育自身的单一和表层。摆脱困境的关键在于澄清道德教育价值认知范畴和实践理性范畴的特性,并在德育过程中充分认识道德的层次性,关注德育的可接受性和发展性。

Sense of shame is the restrictive power for internal spiritual activities and morals of human beings. It is a kind of virtue approved by ethical culture home and abroad. Education of the sense of shame is developmental education, social education, and cultural quality education. It helps to develop good moral character, purify and rectify social atmosphere and realize ＂human first＂ educational value. At present, education of shame is involved in a difficult situation characterized by profit-centered market economy, the loss of the social fairness and justice, and the complicated multi-cultural situation, most seriously the single and superficial moral education itself. To get rid of the difficult situation, it is crucial to purify the scope of ethical educational values and the features of practical rationality, fully understand the levels of moral education, and show concern to the acceptability and development of moral education.