试论民初乡村小学教师的社会地位——以20世纪30年代四川为例

On Status of Rural Elementary School Teachers in Early Republic of China

经济收入、社会权益和职业声望是衡量一种职业的社会地位的主要标准。以20世纪30年代的四川乡村小学教师而言,其经济收入菲薄,福利待遇低下,职业岗位得不到保障,社会声望不及塾师,严重影响了小学教师的社会形象和从教积极性,进而影响到国民教育的普及与质量提高。

The 1930s witnesses poor income and benefit, insecurity of job and lower respect than that enjoyed by private school teacher, of Sichuan rural elementary school teachers, which seriously affect their status and professional enthusiasm, which in turn affect the popularization of national populace education and the enhancement of its quality, as income, right and benefit, and professional reputation are the principal criterion of judging the status of a profession.