海南岛吊罗山植物群落特征和物种多样性分析

Analysis of plant community characteristics and species diversity of Diaoluo Mountain, Hainan Island

根据吊罗山自然保护区不同海拔6个植物群落的样方资料,分析了吊罗山植物群落结构特征和物种多样性,同时比较了吊罗山植物群落与邻近地区植物群落的组成特征。研究结果表明吊罗山低地雨林乔木层以蝴蝶树、青梅、高山榕、粘木、长脐红豆、海南柿、肉实树和海南木莲为主,灌木层以白颜树、白茶、柏拉木和九节为主;山地雨林以陆均松、鸡毛松、黄叶树、阿丁枫、扫把青冈和海南杨桐为优势种;山顶常绿矮林则以山地常绿阔叶林陆均松、琼崖柯、岭南青冈和油丹等种类的矮化为特征。植物群落Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数分析表明,吊罗山植物群落物种多样性在空间的变化基本上表现为随海拔梯度增加而降低,次生林物种多样性最低,山地雨林和山顶矮林物种均匀度指数最高,群落优势种明显。

The community structure and biodiversity are analyzed and compared with four main tropical forests in Hainan island basing on 6 quadrats in different altitude on Diaoluo Mountain. The results showed that the lowland rain forest are composed of Heritiera parvifolia, Ormosia balansae, Ficus altissima, Vatica mangachapoi, Sarcosperma kachinense, Manglietia hainanense, Ixonanthes chinensis and Diospyros hainanensis in arbor layer and Gironniera subaequalis, Koilodepas hainanense, Blastus cochinchinensis, Psychotria rubra in shrub layer. The dominant species in mountain rain forest are Dacrydium pierrei, Podocarpus imbricaius, Xanthophyllum hainanense, Altingia obovata, Ouercus auguslii and Adinandra hainanensis. The dominant species in peak rain forest are Dacrydium pierrei, Lithocarpus fenzelianus, Alseodaphne hainanensis and Cyclobalanopsis championii. The index of Shannon-Wiener decrease with the increase of the altitude. The secondary community has the lowest species diversity. But the mountain rain forest and peak rain forest have the high index of evenness. The dominant species in peak rain forest are obvious.