巴马瑶族自治县居民膳食结构及营养状况评价

Dietary elements and nutrition status from inhabitants in Bama Yao autonomous county

目的了解巴马县居民膳食结构与健康状况,为营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法运用分层整群抽样方法,抽取3个乡镇、6个村、540户,其中180户进行膳食调查、医学体检和血红蛋白、血糖测定。结果每标准人日摄入能量1897.1kcal,达推荐摄入量(RNI)的79.07%。蛋白质、脂肪摄入量分别为54.9g、73.8g,提供能量的比例分别为11.84%、35.80%。视黄醇、硫胺素、核黄素摄入分别为382.6μgRE、0.9mg、0.6mg,分别占RNI的53.05%、69.23%、53.85%。钙、铁、钠摄入量分别为226.8mg、16.2mg、4971.8mg,分别占适宜摄入量(AI)的26.29%、98.81%、264.42%。动物性食物提供的蛋白质占36.99%,动物性脂肪占脂肪总量的78.89%。营养不良率为14.47%,肥胖率为7.57%,超重率为3.29%,贫血率为26.35%。结论巴马县居民的营养摄入不甚理想,能量、蛋白质摄入偏低,钙及视黄醇摄入明显不足,钠的摄入量偏高。营养不良及贫血仍较严重。

Objective To survey the dietary elements and health state of the Yao nationality in Bama county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for improving the inhabitants＇ nutrition status. Methods A stratified cluster sampling way was used to sample 540 families from 3 countries, 6 countries in Bama county. Of 180 families underwent diet surveys, physical examination and both hemoglobin （Hb） and blood glucose determination. Results The 1 - day average of energy intake of per capita was 1897.1 kcal, reached to 79.07% of the recommended nutrition intake （RNI）. The protein and fat intakes were 54.9g and 73.8g, respectively. The ratio of providing energy was 11. 84% and 35.80%, respectively. The intakes of retinol, thiamine and OVOlqavin were 382.6vtgRE, 0.9rag, 0.6rag, accounting for 53.05 %, 69.23 % and 53.85 % of RNI. The intakes of Ca, Fe and Na were 226.8mg, 16.2rag and 4971.8rag, respectively, which accounted for 26.29%, 98.81% and 264.42% of adequate intake （AI）, respective- ly. 36.99 % of the protein was from animal food. Animal fat accounted for 78.89 % of the total fat. The prevalence of malnutrition was 14.47 %, the obesity was 7.57 %, the overweight was 3.29 %. and the anemia was 26.35 %.Conclusion The nutrition status of the inhabitants in Bama county is not so satisfactory, the energy and protein intake is low, Ca and retinol intakes can not reach to the standard recommendation index, the intake of Na was high. The prevalence of malnutrition and anemia were high.