小麦-冰草异源附加系的创建 IF_3、F_2BC_1、BC_4和BC_3F_1世代的细胞学

Establishment of Wheat-Agropyron cristatum Alien Addition Lines I Cytology of F3,F2BC1,BC4, and BC3F1 Progenies

为了进一步研究冰草属的Ｐ染色体组在小麦背景下的遗传效应和试图建立一套小麦－冰草属异源附加系，对来自普通小麦品种Ｆｕｋｕｈｏ×冰草Ｚ５５９杂种的Ｆ３、Ｆ２ＢＣ１、ＢＣ４和ＢＣ３Ｆ１世代的２２２株进行了减数分裂行为观察。结果表明：（１）２ｎ染色体的分布范围为３９～５４；（２）冰草Ｚ５５９的Ｐ染色体组存在抑制小麦Ｐｈ效应的遗传系统，而且该系统可能只涉及不多于３条Ｐ染色体，但其对Ｐｈ基因的抑制效应是微弱的；（３）Ｐ染色体组存在控制染色体在减数分裂后期分离的基因，该基因可能只涉及不多于２条Ｐ染色体；（４）抑制小麦ｐｈ效应的基因和控制染色体在后期分离的基因可能位于不同的Ｐ染色体上；（５）已获得５个可能的小麦－冰草异源附加系。

o further investigate genetic effects of the P genome in Agropyron Gaertnon wheat background and to establish a set of wheat-Agropyron cristatum alien addition lines,the chromosomal behavior at meiosis in pollen mother cells of 222 plants from F3,F2BC1,BC4, and BC3F1 progenies derived from hybrids between Triticum aestivum cv Fukuho and Agropyron cristatum (4x)were observedResults indicated that:(1)The distribution range of 2n chromosome in these plants was from 39 to 54;(2)The Agropyron cristatum Z559 used in this experiment contained a genetic system suppressing Ph activity,and this genetic system may be involved in no more than three of the P chromosomes,but the effests of this gene on suppressing Ph activcty were small;(3) P genome contained genes controlling chromosome segregation at meiotic anaphase,and the genes may be involved in no more than two of the P chromosomes;(4)The genes suppressing Ph activity and the gene(s) controlling chromosome segregation may be located on different P chromosomes;(5)Five wheat-Agropyron cristatum alien addition lines have been obtained by preliminarily morphological identification