表皮干细胞临床应用现状

Present clinical application of epidermal stem cells

目的:干细胞的研究已成为世界高新技术的亮点,势必导致一场医学和生物学革命。文章对干细胞研究现状及表皮干细胞临床应用进展作一综述。资料来源:应用计算机检索PUBMED1996-01/2007-01期间的相关文章,检索词为“stem cell”,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1996-01/2007-01期间的相关文章,检索词为“表皮干细胞,临床”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准:文章所述内容应与表皮干细胞临床临床应用研究相关。排除标准:重复研究。资料提炼:共收集到86篇相关文献,35篇文献符合纳入标准,排除的51篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。资料综合:干细胞具有多向分化潜能和自我复制功能,可分化成不同的组织和器官,包括全能干细胞、胚胎干细胞、多能干细胞。皮肤干细胞在维持内环境稳定以及伤口修复中起关键作用,具有慢周期性和自我增殖能力的细胞,其正常增殖分化是维持皮肤正常组织结构和细胞内环境稳定的基本要求。表皮干细胞来源于胚胎的外胚层,毛囊上半部的隆起处数量众多,在缺乏毛发的手掌等处位于表皮的基地层。表皮干细胞具有双向分化的能力,一方面可向下迁移分化为表皮基底层,进而生成毛囊;另一方面可向上迁移并最终分化为各种表皮细胞。结论:表皮干细胞来源于外胚层,将其按组织工程原理构建皮肤,用于严重创伤、大面积烧伤以及整形术后的创面覆盖,已成为解决临床治疗中皮源缺乏问题的根本途径。

OBJECTIVE： Stem cells have become a hot study field in the world advanced new technology and will bring on a revolution in the field of medicine and biology. This paper is designed to summarize the present condition of stem cells and clinical application of epidermal stem cells. DATA SOURCES： The PUBMED was undertaken to identify the relevant articles published from January 1996 to January 2007 with the key words of “stem cell” in English. Simultaneously, China Joumal Full-text Database （CJFD） was searched for relevant articles published from January 1996 to January 2007 with the key words of “epidermal stem cells, clinic” in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The data were checked firstly, and quotation of each article was looked through. Inclusive criterion included articles on clinical application of epidermal stem cells. Exclusive criterion included articles with repetitive study. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 86 articles were collected and 35 of them met the inclusive criterion, and the 51 excluded articles were with old or repetitive content. DATA SYNTHESIS： With the capability of multi-directional differentiation and self-duplication, stem cells can differentiate into different tissues and organs, including totipotential stem cells, embryonic stem cells and multipotent stem cells. Skin stem cells with the capacity of slow periodicity and self-reproductive activity play a key role in maintaining homoiostasis and wound repair. Normal proliferation and differentiation of skin stem cells is the base of maintaining normal tissue structures and homoiostasis. Epidermal stem cells isolate from embryonic ectoderm, mostly locate on the eminentia of upper hair follicle and stratum of hair-lack regions such as palm. Epidermal stem cells have two-way differentiated ability, one was migrate downwards differentiating into epidermal stratum and form hair follicle, another was migrate upwards differentiating into various epidermal cells, CONCLUSION： Epidermal stem cells isolate from ectoderm and form skin based on tissue engineering principle, It is applied to severe wound, large area bum and raw surface coverage after plasty and has become a key skin source in clinical treatment.