黄海和日本海黄鮟鱇的形态和同工酶差异

Morphological differences and isozyme variations between Lophius litulon of Yellow Sea and Japan Sea

对中国黄海及日本新泻县粟岛近海的黄鮟鱇形态进行了比较研究,并采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术分别分析了黄海和日本海黄鮟鱇的遗传结构及其遗传多样性。结果表明,黄海和日本海黄鮟鱇群体计数性状中除第2背鳍鳍条数平均值表现出一定的差异,其余性状没有明显差异;二者在体长/臀鳍基长、头长/眼径指标未表现出显著差异,其余可量性状比上表现出了显著差异。同工酶分析表明,中国黄海黄鮟鱇群体共记录了8个基因位点,其中,LDH*、AAT*、GPI*和G3PDH*共4个基因位点呈多态,其多态座位比例为0.5,平均观测杂合度和预期杂合度分别为0.027和0.026,平均有效等位基因数为1.028,遗传偏离指数均大于零;而检测的日本海群体的6个基因位点中,没有出现多态位点。黄海和日本海黄群体间的遗传距离为0.00046,二者的遗传多样性水平较低,群体间没有明显的遗传分化。

Morphological differences and isozyme variations between Lophius litulon of Yellow Sea and of Japan Sea were investigated. The genetic structure and genetic diversity of the two populations were also analyzed by using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. The results showed that determinate differences existed in the mean number of the second dorsal fin rays between the two populations except other numerable characters. Besides, significant differences were found in the measurable characters between the two populations except BL/ABL and HL/ED, including BL/HL, BL/BW, BL/CPL, HL/SL, EI/ED, and CPL/CPW. Eight isozymes systems in L. litulon of Yellow Sea were encoded by 8 loci, 4 of them being polymorphic, i. e., LDH^＊ , AAT^＊ , GPI^＊ and G3PDH^＊ The proportion of polymorphic loci was 0.5 （P0.99）. The mean values of observed and expected heterozygosities （Ho ＆ He） were 0.027 and 0. 026, respectively. The average effective number of alleles was 1. 028. Genetic deviation indexes were all bigger than zero. Six isozymes systems in L. litulon of Japan Sea were encoded by 6 loci, none of them being polymorphic. The Nei＇s genetic distance between the two populations was 0. 000 46, indicating that genetic diversity of this species was relatively low and there did not exist significant genetic differentiation between the two geographic populations.