4种消毒剂对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼的急性毒性研究

Acute toxicity of four common disinfectants to Cirrhina mrigola juvenile

2005年7～8月在浙江省余姚市青港野生苗种场，以体长（4．92±0．44）cm的麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼Cirrhina mrigola为实验动物，开展鱼安、二溴海因、菌毒清和溴氯海因等4种消毒剂对该鱼幼鱼的急性毒性试验。结果表明，鱼安、二溴海因、菌毒清和溴氯海因对麦瑞加拉鲮幼鱼的急性致毒时限为8h；鱼安对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼2、4、6、8h的半致死浓度分别为16．070、16．267、15．780和15．687mg／L；二溴海因对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼2、4、6、8h的半致死浓度分别为42．750、41．673、41．171和40．283mg／L；溴氯海因对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼2、4、6、8h的半致死浓度分别为19．066、16．565、17．676和16．966mg／L；菌毒清对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼2、4、6、8h的半致死浓度分别为6．267、5．785、5．451和5．451mg／L。麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼对鱼安、二溴海因、溴氯海因和菌毒清8h安全质量浓度分别为1．569、4．028、1．697和0．545mg／L，4种常用消毒剂的毒性大小依次为菌毒清、鱼安、溴氯海因和二溴海因。最后，还就鱼安、二溴海因、菌毒清和溴氯海因对麦瑞加拉鲮鱼幼鱼有效急性致毒实验时间的确定及其急性致毒效应特征，药物毒性蓄积系数MAC公式的解释与应用、诸药物间的致毒效果比较及其安全使用等进行了探讨．

Acute toxicity tests of TCCA, Nipagard, Bromo-Chloro-dimthyl hyadantion and FARC with Cirrhinus mrigala juvenile collected from Qigang farm were conducted in July to Aug., 2005. The body lengths of the juvenile were 4.92±0.44 cm. The results were as follows. The 2h, 4h, 6h, and 8h LC50 of TCCA were 16. 070 mg/L, 16. 267 mg/L, 15. 780 mg/L, and 15. 687 mg/L, respectively. The 2h, 4h, 6h, and 8h LC50 of Nipagard were 42. 750 mg/L, 41. 673 mg/L, 41. 171 mg/L, and 40. 283 mg/L, respectively. The 2h, 4h, 6h, and 8h LC50 of Bromo-Chloro-dimthyl hyadantion were 19. 066 mg/L, 16. 565 mg/L, 17. 676 mg/L, and 16. 966 mg/L, respectively. The 2h, 4h, 6h, and 8h LC50 of FARC were 6. 267 mg/L, 5. 785 mg/L, 5. 451 mg/L, and 5. 451 mg/L, respectively. The safe concentrations of these four disinfectants in 8h were 1. 569 mg/L, 4. 028 mg/L, 1. 697 mg/L and 0. 545 mg/L, respec-tively. ACcording to their toxicity, the four drugs were in the sequence of FARC〉TCCA〉Bromo-Chloro-dimthyl hyadantion〉nipagard. Finally, the thesis also discussed about the effective times for acute toxicity, the character of acute toxic effects, comparison of the toxicity of the four drugs, and making safe use of them.