芝麻隐性核不育材料0176A、54-8A等利用研究

Study on the recessive-male sterile lines(0176A,54-8A) and their utilization in sesame breeding

通过对芝麻隐性核不育材料0176A、54-8A等利用研究,探寻芝麻雄性不育育性遗传机制,创建隐性核不育高效恢保系统,选育强优杂交种。初步的遗传分析、配合力鉴定、杂交制种试验和F1杂种优势研究结果表明:芝麻不育系0176A、54-8A等雄性不育性状除受细胞核内主效隐性不育基因控制外,可能还受一组微效修饰基因影响;对8份综合性状较好的不育系、6份恢复系及其配组的48个测交F1进行配合力分析,有3份不育系g.c.a>0,17个杂交组合F1s.c.a>0,其中优良组合0176A×0222、54-8A×0221双亲g.c.a及F1s.c.a均较高;0176A×0222制种最高产量达到640.5kg/hm2;皖杂芝1号(0176A×0222)和合杂芝1号(54-8A×0221)分别于2005年、2006年参加安徽省芝麻新品种区域鉴定试验,平均产量1477.05kg/hm2和1678.95kg/hm2,比对照豫芝4号增产8.36%和25.61%,表现出较强的杂种优势,成为安徽省第一个和第二个芝麻杂交种。

In order to explore the genetic mechanism of genetic male sterility, creative high efficiency restoration and maintenance systems about recessive sterile lines, select superior hybrid, the utilization of recessiv-malesterile lines （0176A, 54-8A） in sesame was studied. The primary research results of hereditary analysis, combining ability evaluation,study of hybrid seed production,hybrid heterosis of Flindicated that male sterile lines （0176A, 54-8 A）of sesame were not only controlled by karyon mostly effect recessive sterile genes,but also influenced by a set of feeble effect genes. Taking combining ability analysis to 8 better sterile lines and 6 restorer lines and 48 F1 which compounded by them,there were 3 sterile lines whose g. c. a bigger than 0,17 cross combinations progeniges whose s. c. a bigger than 0. According to the result of crossbreeding experiment,the highest yield of combination 0716A×0222 reached to 640. 5kg/ hm^2. In Anhui province regional tests of the new sesame species in 2005 and 2006,the average yield of Wanzazhi 1 （0716A×0222）and Hezazhi 1（54-8A 0222） reached 1 477. 05kg/hm^2 and 1 678. 95kg/hm^2, which higher than Yuzhi 4 of 8.36% and 25.61% ,respectively. As the first and the second sesame hybrid varieties in Anhui province,Wanzazhi 1 and Hezazhi 1 showed their high heterosis.