不同氮水平对双低油菜中双9号产量和品质的影响

Effects of different amount of nitrogen on yield,quality and economics of Zhongshuang No.9

通过不同供氮水平的田间试验，研究氮肥对双低油菜新品种中双9号的生长发育、产量构建、营养品质及经济效益的影响。结果表明，在充分供给磷、钾、硼肥的条件下，施氮肥促进苗期生长，增加干物质积累，以施N270kg／hm^2处理的干物质积累量最大；施N180kg／hm^2最有利于生育后期的产量构建，单株角果、单株粒重及千粒重均居首位，其单位面积产量亦为最高，两个试验点分别为4233kg／hm^2、2726kg／hm^2；施N360kg／hm^2的单产及主要经济性状角果数、粒重、千粒重均有降低。相关统计分析结果，施N241．5～257．3kg／hm^2的氮肥经济效益最高；施氮肥提高菜籽的蛋白质含量，降低了硫甙和芥酸含量，提高油酸含量，表明施氮改善双低油菜籽的营养品质。在本试验条件下中双9号氮肥适宜用量为纯N180～257．3kg／hm^2，低于180kg不能满足高产优质的氮素需求，高于257．3kg则会降低产量和施肥经济效益。

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different nitrogen levels on yield, quality and economics of Zhongshuang No. 9. Results showed that plant growth at different developmental stages were promoted under different levels of N application. The dry matter increased most under 270kg/hm^2 of all the N application levels. While N application at the level of 180kg/hm^2 was more favorable to yield components,such as pods per plant,seed weight per plant and 1 000 seeds weight,and produced the highest yield. According to statistical analysis, the optimum nitrogen level for the economic return of Zhongshuang No. 9 was 180～257.3kg/hm^2. Protein and oleic acid contents were increased,while erucic acid and glucosinolate contents decreased by nitrogen application.