水布垭库坝区水文气候特性分析

Analysis of hydrology and weather characteristic in Shuibuya dam and reservoir area

清江是长江出三峡以后的第1条大支流,流域面积约17000 km^2,干流全长423 km,总落差1430 m。水布垭水利枢纽位于清江中游下段,控制面积为10860 km^2。水布垭库区地处鄂西暴雨区,多年平均年降水量约1000-2000 mm,多年平均径流量约93.4亿m^3,降水与径流年内分配不均;洪水陡涨陡落,年最大洪峰流量年际变化大,充分反映了清江山溪性河流的特点。详细阐述了水布垭坝址以上流域降水、径流、泥沙、暴雨、洪水等水文特性,为水布垭的设计、施工提供了决策依据。

The Qingjiang river is the largest tributary after the Yangtze River flowing out of the Three Gorges,with a river valley area about 17 000 km2,the main stem 423 km and the total fall 1 430 m.The Shuibuya hydroproject is located on the downstream of the Qingjiang river,controlling the area of 10 860 km2.The project is located in rain-storm area of western Hubei province,annual average rainfall amount of about 1 000～2 000 mm,annual average runoff of about 9 340 million m3,rainfall and runoff distributes unevenly in a year,the flood rises and falls abruptly,the inter-year annual maximum flood varies largely,fully reflecting the characteristics of mountain river.This paper introduces the hydrological characteristics of rainfall in the valley,such as runoff,sediment,rain-storm,flood etc.in the upper area of Shuibuya hydroproject,providing design base for the design,construction of Shuibuya hydroproject.