伦理视角下的工程失败问题

On Failures of Projects from the View of Morality

工程失败以对生命造成显在或潜在危害,投入和收效成反比,失误超过可控范围并造成人财损失以及对环境的可持续发展造成巨大破坏等等为特征;个体利益与职业伦理的矛盾、团体利益与社会公益的矛盾是导致工程失败的价值根源;工程师、施工团队、企业以及政府等不同工程主体的角色伦理冲突是导致工程失败的主体根源。对此,应以富有伦理和法律意义的责任概念为核心,从预防、监督、惩戒、伦理约束等方面着手,以解决问题。

A project failure is characterized by the obvious or potential harm to the lives, the inverse relation between investment and benefit, faults out of control, loss of lives or properties caused by uncontrollable human errors as well as the conflict between interest of the group and that of the society. The conflicts between individual interests and professional ethics, between group interests and public welfare are the value reasons for project failures. Ethics of the engineers, constructors, enterprise, and the government are the subjective reasons for project failures. Countermeasures have to be taken against failures of projects.