目标探测的信噪比分析

Analysis of signal-to-noise ratio for target detection

从黑体辐射理论出发,分析空间目标超光谱探测时的影响因素。计算太阳对目标的表面辐射,利用大气传输模型分析软件——MODTRAN分析计算在可见光到近红外范围的天空漫反射辐射,给出了成像光谱仪接收到的目标辐射能量和背景辐射能量的计算方法,同时考虑探测器得到噪声的种类,给出主要噪声源的计算方法,从而推导出光谱仪接收到的以电子数为基本单位的信噪比一般表达式。通过分析表达式中的各种因素对信噪比的影响,提出得到较高信噪比的可行方法,从而更清楚地分辨物体。

Based on the theory of blackbody radiation, the influencing factors in detecting spatial target with a hyperspectrometer were analyzed. The radiation from the sun to the surface of an object was calculated. The sky diffusion radiation from visible to near infrared was analyzed with MODTRAN software. The calculation method for the target and background radiant energy received by the imaging spectrometer is given. The general expression of SNR was deduced. The feasible means to get the high SNR is put forward by analyzing the effect of all the factors on SNR.