论美国的党争与分权制衡背后之支配力量——以马伯里诉麦迪逊案为例

The Foundation of Parties'Competition and Check and Balance——Through the American Constitutional Case of Marbury v.Madison

美国的党争在其司法审查制度确立过程中起了重要作用,就美国著名的马伯里诉麦迪逊案分析,可以看出在“区域性的行为方式和社会的阶级结构”之外,美国政治发展的动力还应该有第三个,即政党间的斗争。而决定政党斗争胜负的,是超越于政党之上的公共利益,是“人心向背”,也即政治学意义上的“合法性”。

In this article, the effect of parties＇ competition in the establishment of judicial review system is described. Analyzing the case of Marbury v. Madison, the author draws a conclusion that the competition between the two biggest parties in America is another political dynamic besides regional actpattem and class composition. Through the affair, we draw a conclusion that people is the foundation of parties＇competition and check and balance.