天然蛋白质改性及其在功能性纺织品整理中的应用

Modification of natural proteins and their application for functional textile finishing

本文尝试了用疏水双官能团试剂，主要是２，４甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）对天然蛋白质进行改性．这种改性蛋白质在有机溶剂比如二甲基甲酰胺（ＤＭＦ）中有相当好的溶解性，对疏水性的合成纤维有一些亲和力，并有较高的热稳定性．文中说明了改性蛋白质的制取方法及其化学和物理化学性质，讨论了改性蛋白质对纺织品整理的效果，涉及到透湿性、分散染料染常规涤纶织物中的染料泳移现象的减少，在湿度大的空气中织物表面露水的减少等等．重要的是：改性蛋白质可用来对疏水性合成纤维进行整理，赋予其吸湿性，透湿性，自然手感，防止染料泳移等性能．

In this study an attempt has been done to modify natural proteins with hydrophobic bifunctional reagent, mainly 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate(TDI), so that the modified proteins get considerable solubility in organic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), some affinity against hydrophobic synthetic fibers, and higher thermal stability. The preparation method as well as some chemical and physicochemical properties of modified proteins have been shown and the effectiveness of the modified proteins for textile finishing has been discussed, relating to the moisture permeability, reduction of dyestuff migration from regular polyester fabrics dyed with disperse dyes, reduction of dew production on the fabric surface in the humidy atmosphere and so on.Of interest if that the modified proteins can be applied for the finishing of hydrophobic synthetic fibers, to give them some functional properties such as moisture absorbability and permeability, natural handling property, preventing effect of dyestuff migration and so on.