西方空想社会主义小说中的城市乌托邦

The City Utopia in Western Fiction About Utopian Socialism

在源远流长的乌托邦思想中,城市占据着重要地位,常常被看作国家的象征。不同时代的乌托邦思想家对理想城市的设想,所关注的问题本质上基本相似,且具有历史连续性。16世纪以来的现代乌托邦城市是建立在人道主义、集体主义、共产主义和基督教博爱思想基础上的理想社区,表现出与现实都市化的对抗,但其正义、秩序与和谐的实现与维持,是通过国家强有力的统一管理和确保行为的一致性来实现的。

In utopian ideology with a distant source, the city takes an important position and is often considered as the symbol of the state. Different thinkers＇ imaginations of ideal cities have basic similarities about concerned issues, which possesses a historical continuity. Since the 16th century, modern utopian cities have been such ideal communities that they are established on the basis of humanism, collectivism, communism and Christian fraternity, displaying an antagonism against realist urbanization. But the complement and maintenance of justice, order and harmony are achieved by way of the powerful, integrated government of the state as well as the consistence of ensured behaviors.