灌溉与供磷对小麦∥玉米∥马铃薯间作系统小麦产量和品质的调控效应

Effect of Irrigation and Phosphorous on Seed Yield and Quality of Wheat in Wheat∥Maize∥Potato Intercropping System

为探讨灌溉与供磷在不同种植方式下对小麦产量和品质的影响及单作和间作群体间品质的差异,并揭示造成差异的机理,在土壤速效磷含量8.74 mg/kg的大田条件下,设计三个灌水水平和三个供磷水平进行田间试验。结果表明,灌水与供磷对小麦∥玉米∥马铃薯间作系统小麦籽粒品质及其产量都有明显的调控效应。供磷和灌水不同程度地增加了小麦籽粒产量,经济产量以中灌[1 050 m3/(ha.次)]和高磷(150kg纯P2O5/ha)处理最高。灌水降低了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和沉淀值,供磷却对灌水的负效应有明显的缓冲作用。供磷处理(P1、P2)与不供磷处理(P0)相比,单作小麦籽粒蛋白质含量平均提高0.35个百分点,间作提高0.48个百分点。籽粒蛋白质含量、面筋含量以及千粒重有显著的群体效应,间作均高于单作;相反,沉淀值在单作和间作之间差异不明显。

In order to investigate the effects of irrigation and phosphorus on wheat yield and seed quality in wheat//maize//potato intercropping system, the experiment was carried out in field where available phosphorous level was 8.74 mg/kg under different treatments of irrigation and phophorous. The results was as follows： The effect of irrigation and phosphorous supply was evident on all quality characters and yield. Wheat yield, the highest under the treatment of middle irrigation （W2 ：1 050 m3/ ha） and high phosphorous （P2 ：150 kg P2O5/ha） ,increased significantly with irrigation and phosphorous applied. Irrigation had negative effect on wheat seed protein content and sedimentation value （SDS）, which was reduced through the application of phosphorous. Compared with the no-Phosphorous treatment （P0）, phosphorous application（P1 ,P2） increased seed protein content of wheat by 0.35 percentage point in the monoculture system and by 0.48 percentage point in the intercropping system, Compared with monoculture system, intercropping system had higher protein content,gluten content and one-thousand-kernel weight . But the significant difference of SDS could not be observed between intercropping system and monocuhure system.