论明清教育政策对中国科技的影响

On Influences of Education Policies in Ming and Qing Dynasties on Science and Technology of China

中国古代科技曾长期领先于世界,但在明清时期却停滞不前了,逐渐落后于西方。教育的落后是一个重要的原因,尤其是明清教育政策制约了科技的发展。明清“敦教化,育人材”、崇圣尊儒的教育政策不利于中国科技发展,尤其是科举对学校教育的调控政策排斥了科技教育。

The science and technology in ancient China took the leading role in the world, but During Ming and Qing Dynasties they declined and gradually lagged behind the West. One of the most important reasons was the backward education ,and especially education policies in Ming and Qing Dynasties restricted the development of science and technology. As the education policies, characterized by adoring sages and supremacy of confucian, focused on ＂moral cultivation＇ and ＂ talents development＂ , they limited the advancement of science and technology of China. And imperial examinations which regulated the school education repulsed the science and technology education.