核桃单层高位开心形树相指标及光照特性研究

Indexes of Tree Structure and Illumination Characteristics of Single-layer High-position Open-center System in Walnut

以不同年龄段的香玲核桃树为试验材料,对各个年龄段单层高位开心形枝量、枝类组成、叶面积系数及光照情况进行了测定,结果测得香玲核桃盛果期树单层高位开心形树相指标为:单株主枝数8个左右;每公顷中长枝8．25万个以上,短枝14．25万个以上,总枝量22．5万个以上,短枝占60%左右;叶面积系数保持在4左右;树冠各部位叶片所接受的相对光照强度大于30%;结果量3000kg/hm^2左右,并介绍了单层高位开心形树形的整形方法．

Branch quantity, branch composition, leaf area index and illumination condition of single-layer high-position open-center system in ＂Xiangling＂ walnut at different ages are determined. The results show that during full fruiting period there are about 8 main branches per plant; 5 500 middle and long shoots and 9 500 short shoots per 667 m^2, 1. 5× 10^4 total number of shoots per 667 m^2, and the percentage of short shoots is about 60%; leaf area index is about 4; relative light intensity in the crown is over 30%; the yield is up to 200 kg/667 m^2. Otherwise, the training methods of this system are introduced.