基于二维解析法的光滑表面实心转子感应电机附加损耗的研究

Research on Stray Loss of Smooth Surface Solid Rotor Induction Motor Based on 2D Analytical Approach

在普通异步电机中,由于附加损耗数值较小,通常按总功率的5%粗略估算。在实心转子感应电机中,附加损耗中的表面涡流损耗数值远大于普通笼型感应电机,不但成为实心转子感应电机附加损耗的主要部分,而且是造成这种电机效率低、电机过热的重要原因,限制了该类电机的应用和发展。文中运用二维解析法及坡印亭定理对实心转子的表面涡流损耗进行了计算,与试验结果比较显示,理论计算在小转差范围(0～0.2)内取得了与实际较为一致的结果,并分析了大转差下产生偏差的原因。在小转差(s=0.107)运行状态,对定子槽口宽度变化和气隙长度变化对转子表面涡流损耗影响进行仿真计算。结果表明,改变槽口宽度对该种电机转子的表面涡流损耗影响不明显,随着气隙长度的增加,附加损耗曲线分为快速下降,缓慢下降两段。在曲线缓慢下降段综合考虑选取气隙长度是合适的。

Stray loss in ordinary induction motor is small and estimated roughly as 5% output power of the motor. However, in solid rotor motor, the loss is far larger than that of common induction motor and brings about overheat and poor efficiency, which limits the application and development of this kind of motor. Because of solid structure, surface eddy losses caused by harmonic mainly contribute to stray loss. Surface eddy losses are computed by using 2D analysis method and Poynting theorem. The result obtained is compared with the experimental values, which is near to each other in small slip. In large slip there is a remarkable error because of the saturation in slot opening, using constant permeability and 2D field model error. Based on the research above, the influence laws of the width of slot opening and the air-gap on the additional loss are analyzed. Slot opening is little influence on the stray loss. The stray loss curve of air-gap clearance＇s influence falls into two parts, the first part dropping steeply and later part dropping slowly. Thus it is advisable choosing the air-gap clearance in the later part of solid rotor induction motor design.