不同倍性苹果花芽发育过程中花芽核酸含量的变化

Dynamic Changes of Nucleic Acid Contents of Buds During Flower Bud Differentiation in Different Ploids Apple Trees

本实验以苹果二倍体品种富士(Malus pumila cv.Fuji,2n)、三倍体品种乔纳金(Malus pumila cv.Jonagold,3n)和四倍体品种小金海棠(Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang,4n)为试材,对不同倍性苹果花芽分化过程花芽中核酸的含量进行了比较。结果表明:多倍体与二倍体花芽中DNA、RNA和总核酸含量及DNA/RNA值的动态变化趋势基本相同;同一分化期,多倍体花芽中DNA、RNA和总核酸的含量比二倍体明显增加;但对花芽中RNA/DNA值的研究表明,与二倍体相比,三倍体花芽的RNA/DNA值增高,但增高幅度不大,四倍体花芽的RNA/DNA值却明显降低。

Malus pumila cv. Fuji （2n）,Malus pumila cv. Jonagold （3n） and Malus xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang （4n） of apples were used as the materials in the experiment. The content of nucleic acids of the floral buds of the different ploids in apples were compared. During the differentiation processes dynamic changes of nucleic acid of the floral buds of the ployploids in apples were almost the same as that of diploid. But at the same differentiational stage, the contents of DNA,RNA and the total nucleic acids were obviously improved in the foral buds of polyploids of apples. Compared with the diploid, the numerical value of RNA/DNA of floral buds of triploid was increased, but the extent of increasement was very small, whereas the numerical value of RNMDNA of floral buds of tetraploid was decreased obviously.