山区果园套种圆叶决明对红壤生态环境及果树生长的影响

The Effection of the Chamaecrista.rotundifolia on the Growth of the Fruit Trees and Ecology of the Red Soil Region in Mountainous Orchards

针对南方红壤区果园有机质含量低、酸性强、水土流失严重等生态问题,结合目前山区果园管理模式,研究果园套种圆叶决明对红壤生态和果树生长的影响。试验结果表明;果园套种圆叶决明牧草的植草区与清耕区相比,在高温季节不同土层可降低土壤地温1￣5℃,土壤含水量分别提高3.79￣5.98%,速效磷、速效钾分别增加293%和213%,细菌和固氮菌量分别提高64倍、57倍,减少径流次数和总量,防止水土流失,产量和单果重分别增加6.9%和1.8%,果品可溶性固形物和蔗糖含量分别提高13.3%和11.5%,总酸降低8.4%。

The effection of the Chamaecrista.rotundifolia on the growth of the fruit trees and ecology of the red soil region in mountainous orchards was studied in this paper. The results showed that there was a decrease of 1-5℃ in the ground temperature, an increase of 3.79%-5.98% in soil moisture content and the increases of 293% and 213% for available phosphorus and kalium between the grass planting and clean culture in different soil layer during the high temperature season. The contents of bacterium and nitrogen fixing bacterium increased as 64 and 57 times and there were increases of 6.9% and 1.8% for the fruit yield and per fruit weight. The contents of total soluble solids and cane sugar increased as 3.3% and 11.5%, but there was a decrease of 8.4% in the total acid. Compared to the clean culture, there were decreases for the runoff coefficient and average runoff amount.