基于SOTER数据库的河北省土壤侵蚀研究

Assessment of Soil Erosion Based on SOTER in Hebei Province

【研究目的】应用SOTER数据库与RUSLE模型定量化估算河北省土壤侵蚀风险。【方法】在建立河北省SOTER数据库的基础上,提取地形因子、植被覆盖与耕作管理措施和土壤保持措施,结合土壤可蚀性与降雨侵蚀力因子,应用RUSLE模型定量评价河北省山区土壤侵蚀风险。【结果】河北省轻度水土流失面积3.5万km2,占18.9%;中度水土流失面积1.1万km2,占6.1%;强度与极强度水土流失面积分别为8 183km2与1.0万km2,分别占全省面积的4.4%和5.6%;剧烈土壤侵蚀面积为1.2万km2,占全省面积的6.8%。【结论】河北省土壤侵蚀主要发生在太行山、燕山山区,尤以低山丘陵地带的土石山区最为严重。

[OBJECTIVE]This study was conducted in portion of Hebei province, the main region in China for the production of food, most of which is located in the mountain area. [METHOD]The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） was used to predict annual soil loss using, based on Hebei SOTER database, to determine the erosion hazard and target locations for appropriate initiation of conservation measures. All factors used in RUSLE model were calculated using local data. [RESULTS]The results of the RUSLE model show that 41.8% of the whole area had a current erosion amount of more than 200t·km^2/ a, 22.9% more than 2500t·km^2/a, and 6.8% more than 15 000t·km^2/a. [CONCLUSION]The erosion mainly distributed over Taihang and Yanshan mountainous area, especially the sandstone highlands without vegetation cover.