1980年以来长江流域低山丘陵区粮食生产态势分析——以湖北省咸宁市为例

Grain Production Situation in Hilly Area of Yangtse Basin During 1980—2003 —a case Study of Xianning City,Hubei Province

咸宁市是长江流域低山丘陵区以农业为主的中等不发达城市之一,也是湖北省“人多耕地少”矛盾比较突出的地区。根据1980—2003年间的粮食产量和播种面积等方面的统计资料,对咸宁市粮食生产的发展变化趋势以及空间布局进行了分析和评价,结果显示20世纪80年代以来咸宁市粮食生产表现出明显的阶段性,先后经历了快速增长、徘徊不前、大幅度波动和逐年递减这4个阶段。作物结构方面,水稻、玉米、红薯、小麦、大豆和蚕豌豆一直是该市主要粮食作物,但所占比重发生了明显的变化,尤其是水稻,其播面和产量所占比例虽然始终各在60%和75%以上,但两项指标基本上都呈先升后降且降幅超过升幅的趋势。空间布局方面,水稻主要分布在沿江滨湖平原以及大型河流两侧的冲积平原,并且赤壁是该市水稻播面最大、产量最高的地区;嘉鱼、通山、崇阳和咸安则是小麦、红薯以及玉米的主产区。

Xianning city is one of the medium underdeveloped cities in hilly area of Yangtse basin, and also an area which has comparatively outstanding ： contradiction of more population and less cultivated land in Hubei province. In the paper, the spatial distribution and the dynamic change of grain production, including area, yield and crop structure of the city have been studied so as to provide scientific basis for roundly knowing the agricultural development situation in Yangtse basin. The result shows the grain production fell into four successive phases since 1980s, i.e. rapid growth phase, small change phase, widely waving phase and descending phase, paddy, maize, sweet potato, wheat, and soybean is the main grain crop in Xianning city, but their area proportion and yield proportion have changed distinctly during 1980---2003. Moreover, Chibi city is main paddy production area. Jlayu, Tongshan, Chongyang and Xian＇an is main production area of wheat, sweet potato and maize.